April 12 was already a huge day in space history twenty years before the
launch of the first shuttle mission. On that day in 1961, Russian
cosmonaut
Yuri Gagarin (left, on the way to the launch pad) became the
first human in space, making a 108-minute orbital flight in his Vostok 1
spacecraft. Newspapers like The Huntsville Times (right) trumpeted
Gagarin's accomplishment.
Mercury astronaut
Alan Shepard became the first American in space less
than a month later.
Scientific cooperation with the
Soviet Union dates back to the very
beginnings of space flight. The